How to Improve Website Speed

Work top-down. The first three items usually deliver more than everything else combined.

Test Your Website Speed

The checklist

  • Caching — full-page cache at the server or CDN, so most requests never touch the application.
  • Compression — brotli or gzip for HTML, CSS and JS.
  • Images — modern formats, correct dimensions, lazy loading, explicit width and height to avoid layout shift.
  • Fonts — two families at most, font-display: swap, self-hosted and preloaded.
  • JavaScript — defer non-critical scripts, remove unused libraries.
  • CSS — inline what's needed for the first screen, load the rest asynchronously.
  • Hosting — adequate CPU, current runtime versions, a location near your audience.
  • Redirects — remove chains; each hop is a wasted round trip.

Measure before and after

Record TTFB, page weight and request count before you change anything, and re-test after each change. Otherwise you cannot tell which change helped.